The Surya Siddhanta, a seminal text in ancient Indian astronomy, provides a sophisticated understanding of planetary movements, timekeeping, and calendrical calculations through its innovative use of trigonometry and spherical geometry. Composed between the 4th and 5th centuries CE, it reflects the advanced scientific knowledge of its time and has significantly influenced later Indian astronomical works. Despite its geocentric model and limitations compared to modern astronomy, the Surya Siddhanta remains a crucial part of India’s scientific heritage. Contemporary efforts to integrate this ancient wisdom into modern educational curricula, alongside ongoing research and public engagement, highlight its enduring legacy and relevance. By bridging historical insights with modern scientific understanding, the Surya Siddhanta continues to inspire and inform the global discourse on ancient science.